A new patient in the medical-surgical unit complains of difficulty sleeping and is scheduled for an exploratory laparotomy in the morning. The nursing diagnosis is: Sleep Pattern Disturbance: Insomnia related to fear of impending surgery. Which step is most appropriate in planning care for this diagnosis?


a) Help the patient maintain normal bedtime routine and time for sleep.
b) Provide an opportunity for the patient to talk about concerns.
c) Use tactile relaxation techniques, such as a back massage.
d) Bring the patient a warm glass of milk at bedtime.