A sheet of steel 3-mm thick has nitrogen atomospheres on both sides at 900 C and is permitted to achieve a steady-state di usion condition. The di usion coecient for nitrogen in steel at this temperature is 1:85 10????10 m2=s, and the di usion ux is found to be 1:0 10????7 kg=m2s. Also, it is known that the concentration of nitrogen in the steel at the high-pressure surface is 2 kg=m3. How far into the sheet from this high-pressure side will the concentration be 0.5 kg/m3? Assume a linear concentration profile.

Answer :

Answer:

[tex]X_B = 1.8 \times 10^{-3} m = 1.8 mm[/tex]

Explanation:

Given data:

Diffusion constant for nitrogen is [tex]= 1.85\times 10^{-10} m^2/s[/tex]

Diffusion flux [tex]= 1.0\times 10^{-7} kg/m^2-s[/tex]

concentration of nitrogen at high presuure = 2 kg/m^3

location on which nitrogen  concentration is 0.5 kg/m^3   ......?

from fick's first law

[tex]J = D \frac{C_A C_B}{X_A X_B}[/tex]

Take C_A as point  on which nitrogen concentration is 2 kg/m^3

[tex]x_B = X_A + D\frac{C_A -C_B}{J}[/tex]

Assume X_A is zero at the surface

[tex]X_B = 0 + ( 12\times 10^{-11} ) \frac{2-0.5}{1\times 10^{-7}}[/tex]

[tex]X_B = 1.8 \times 10^{-3} m = 1.8 mm[/tex]

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