Answer :
Answer:
The periodic table is arranged in periods and in groups. Periods tell us the energy level of these elements and the groups tell more about the characteristics.
Elements found in the same groups have similar characteristics. Elements in the same group are arranged vertically, or they are found in the same column.
The halogen group is also known as Group VIIA or Group 17. It is the second to the last column of the periodic table. They are highly reactive and are non-metals. They have 7 valence electrons. The elements that fall in this group are:
- Fluorine (F), Chlorine (Cl), Bromine (Br), Iodine (I), Astatine (At) and Tenessine (Ts).
Group IIA is also known as the Alkaline Earth Metals. They are reactive and form ionic bonds with non-metals. They have 2 valence electrons. This group is found in the 2nd column from the left side of the periodic table. The elements that fall in this group are:
- Beryllium (Be), Magnesium (Mg), Calcium (Ca), Strontium (Sr), Barium (Ba), Radium (Ra).
The most non-reactive elements are found in the last column on the right side of the periodic table. This group is called Group VIIIA or Group 18, collectively known as Noble gases. These elements are not reactive because they have a filled outer energy levels, or they have complete 8 valence electrons (except Helium, which has 2 but it completes the shell). The elements that fall under this group are:
- Helium (He), Neon (Ne), Argon (Ar), Krypton (Kr), Xenon (Xe), Radon (Rn).
Alkali metals are found in the 1st column from the left in the periodic table (except for Hydrogen). This group is also called Group 1 or Group IA. They are reactive and often form salts. The elements that fall under this group are:
- Lithium (Li), Sodium (Na), Potassium (K), Rubidium (Rb), Cesium (Cs), Francium (Fr).
Halogens are p-block elements, group IIA & alkali metal are s-block element and nonreactive elements are noble gases.
What is periodic table?
Periodic table is a chart in which element with increasing atomic number is arranged and each group have specific properties.
- Halogen: Halogens are comes under the p-block elements and present in the 17th group of the table. Valence shell electronic configuration of this group is represented as ns²np⁵.
- Group IIA: This group comes under the s-block and also known as alkaline earth metals, having the valence shell electronic configuration as ns².
- Non reactive: Noble gases are non reactive elements as they have stable configuration because having octet valence shell.
- Alkali metal: These metals comes under the s-block element are present in the IA group and having valence shell electronic configuration as ns¹.
Hence above is the description of given elements.
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