In a city having a fixed population of P persons, the time rate of change of the number N of those people who have heard a certain rumor is proportional to the number of those who have not yet heard the rumor. After the rumor was started, a poll found that 15% of the population had heard the rumor after 5 days. Write a differential equation that models this phenomenon with P = 6100000, N(0) = 5600.

Answer :

Answer: The differential equation can be written as;

dN/dt = k(P-N)

dN/dt = k(6100000 - N)

Step-by-step explanation:

Since, the number N of those people who have heard a certain rumor is proportional to the number of those who have not yet heard the rumor.

The rate of change of number of those who have heard the rumour is = dN/dt

dN/dt = k(P-N)

dN/dt = k(6100000 - N)

Where P is the population of the city = P = 6100000

k is the proportionality constant.

(P-N) = number of those that have not heard the rumour

The logistic differential equation that models this situation is:

[tex]\frac{df}{dx} = 1.0516\left(1 - \frac{f}{6100000}\right)f[/tex]

The number of people that hear the rumor has a limit, which is the carrying capacity, which is why the logistic differential equation is used.

It is given by:

[tex]\frac{df}{dx} = r\left(1 - \frac{f}{K}\right)f[/tex]

And the solution is:

[tex]f(x) = \frac{Kf(0)e^{rx}}{K + f(0)(e^{rx} - 1)}[/tex]

In which:

  • K is the carrying capacity, which is the population size.
  • r is the growth rate.
  • f(0) is the initial value.

In this problem: [tex]K = 6100000, f(0) = 5600, f(5) = 0.15(6100000)[/tex].

This is applied into the solution to find r.

[tex]f(x) = \frac{Kf(0)e^{rx}}{K + f(0)(e^{rx} - 1)}[/tex]

[tex]0.15(6100000) = \frac{6100000(5600)e^{5r}}{6100000 + 5600(e^{5r} - 1)}[/tex]

[tex]\frac{5600e^{5r}}{6100000 + 5600(e^{5r} - 1)} = 0.15[/tex]

[tex]5600e^{5r} = 915000 + 840(e^{5r} - 1)[/tex]

[tex]4760e^{5r} = 914160[/tex]

[tex]e^{5r} = \frac{914160}{4760}[/tex]

[tex]e^{5r} = 192.05[/tex]

[tex]\ln{e^{5r}} = \ln{192.05}[/tex]

[tex]5r = \ln{192.05}[/tex]

[tex]r = \frac{\ln{192.05}}{5}[/tex]

[tex]r = 1.0516[/tex]

Hence, the differential equation is:

[tex]\frac{df}{dx} = 1.0516\left(1 - \frac{f}{6100000}\right)f[/tex]

A similar problem is given at https://brainly.com/question/13229117

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