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Two random samples, A and B, were selected from the same population to estimate the population mean. For each sample, the mean, standard deviation, and margin of error for a 95 percent confidence interval for the population mean are shown in the table. Mean Standard Deviation Margin of Error Sample A 45 6.45 1.02Sample B 43 7.84 0.72Which of the following could explain why the margin of error of sample A is greater than the margin of error sample B? (A) The sample size of A is greater than the sample size of B. (B) The sample size of A is less than the sample size of B. (C) The sample size of A is equal to the sample size of B. (D) The mean of sample A is greater than the mean of sample B. (E) The standard deviation of sample A is less than the standard deviation of sample B.

Answer :

Answer:

[tex] n_A = \frac{6.45^2}{(\frac{1.02}{1.96})^2}=153.61 \approx 154[/tex]

[tex] n_B = \frac{7.84^2}{(\frac{0.72}{1.96})^2}=455.49 \approx 456[/tex]

For this case as we can see we have a larger sample size for sample B, so then the best option for this case would be:

(B) The sample size of A is less than the sample size of B.

Step-by-step explanation:

For this case we have the following data given:

[tex] \bar X_A= 45[/tex] represent the sample mean for A

[tex] s_A= 6.45[/tex] represent the sample deviation for A

[tex] ME_A = 1.02[/tex] represent the margin of error for A

[tex] \bar X_B= 43[/tex] represent the sample mean for B

[tex] s_B= 7.84[/tex] represent the sample deviation for B

[tex] ME_B= 0.72[/tex] represent the margin of error for B

And for this case we are assuming that we have the same confidence level of 95%

For this case we an use the fact that the sample deviation is an unbiased estimator for the population deviation [tex]\hat \sigma = \hat s[/tex] and we can use the following formula for the margin of error of the sample mean the following formula:

[tex] ME= z_{\alpha/2} \frac{\hat s}{\sqrt{n}}[/tex]

For this case the value of the significance is given by [tex] \alpha =1-0.95 =0.05[/tex] and the value for [tex]\alpha/2 =0.025[/tex] , so then the value for [tex] z_{\alpha/2}[/tex] represent a quantile of the normal standard distribution that accumulates 0.025 of the area on each tail of the normal standard distribution and for this case is [tex] z_{\alpha/2}=\pm 1.96[/tex].

So then since we have the value for z if we solve for n from the margin of error formula we got:

[tex] n = \frac{\hat s^2}{(\frac{ME}{z})^2}[/tex]

And for the case A we can find the sample size and we got:

[tex] n_A = \frac{6.45^2}{(\frac{1.02}{1.96})^2}=153.61 \approx 154[/tex]

And for the case B we can find the sample size and we got:

[tex] n_B = \frac{7.84^2}{(\frac{0.72}{1.96})^2}=455.49 \approx 456[/tex]

For this case as we can see we have a larger sample size for sample B, so then the best option for this case would be:

(B) The sample size of A is less than the sample size of B.

The sample size of B is larger than the sample size of A and this can be determined by using the formula of margin of error.

Given :

  • Two random samples, A and B, were selected from the same population to estimate the population mean.
  • 95 percent confidence interval.
  • The sample mean for A = 45
  • The sample deviation for A = 6.45
  • The margin of error for A = 1.02
  • The sample mean for B = 43
  • The sample deviation for B = 7.84
  • The margin of error for B = 0.72

To determine the sample size for both cases A and B, the formula of Margin of Error can be used:

[tex]\rm ME =z_{\frac{\alpha }{2}} \dfrac{\hat{s}}{\sqrt{n} }[/tex]

[tex]\rm n =\left(\dfrac{\hat{s}}{\dfrac{ME}{z}}\right)^2[/tex]

Now, for case A:

[tex]\rm n_A =\left(\dfrac{6.45}{\dfrac{1.02}{1.96}}\right)^2[/tex]

[tex]\rm n_A\approx 154[/tex]

Now, for case B:

[tex]\rm n_B =\left(\dfrac{7.84}{\dfrac{0.72}{1.96}}\right)^2[/tex]

[tex]\rm n_B \approx 456[/tex]

So, the sample size of B is larger than the sample size of A.

Therefore, the correct option is B) The sample size of A is less than the sample size of B.

For more information, refer to the link given below:

https://brainly.com/question/21586810

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