A current balance is a device to measure magnetic forces. It is constructed from two parallel coils, each with an average radius of 12.5 cm. The lower coil rests on a balance; it has 20 turns and carries a constant current of 1.30 A. The upper coil, suspended 0.314 cm above the lower coil, has 50 turns and a current that can be varied. The reading of the balance changes as the magnetic force on the lower coil changes. What current is needed in the upper coil to exert a force of 3.30 N on the bottom coil

Answer :

Answer:

[tex]I = 50.78 A[/tex]

Explanation:

Our Given Parameters include:

Average radius (r) for each parallel coil = 12.5 cm = 12.5 × 10⁻² m

The lower coil turns = 20 turns

The lower coil constant current = 1.30 A

The upper  is suspended 0.314 cm above the lower coil

That indicates the distance = 0.314 cm = 0.314  × 10⁻² m

Current for the upper coil = ???(unknown)

Force (F) = 3.30 N

If we take each coil into cognizance as a long parallel straight wire; then the length of the lower coil can be calculated as:

[tex]L__L}=N__L}(2 \pi r)[/tex]

where:

[tex]N__L[/tex] = number of turns of the lower coil = 20 turns

r = average radius in the lower coil = 12.5 × 10⁻² m

Substituting our values; we have:

[tex]L__L}=20*(2 \pi (12.5*10^{-2}m)[/tex]

[tex]L__L}=15.70m[/tex]

From our parameters above:

[tex]I__L[/tex] = constant current in the lower coil = 4.0 A

But the magnitude of the magnetic force (F) = 1 LB

Then the force on the lower coil in regard to the upper coil can be :

F = [tex]I__L}L__L}[\frac{u__0I__upper}{2 \pi d}][/tex]

Making the varied current in the upper coil the subject of the formula; we have:

[tex]I_{upper}= \frac{2 \pi d F}{U_oI__L}L__L}[/tex]

where : [tex]U__0}= 4 \pi *10^{-7}\frac{T.m}{A}[/tex]

Then:

[tex]I_{upper}= \frac{2 \pi (0.314*10^{-2}(3.30)}{ (4 \pi *10^{-7}\frac{T.m}{A})(1.30A)(15.70m)}[/tex]

[tex]I_{upper}= 2538.46 A[/tex]

≅ 2539 A

However; the current needed in the upper coil in each turn will be:

[tex]I=\frac{I_{upper}}{50 turns}[/tex]

[tex]I= \frac{2539}{50}[/tex]

[tex]I = 50.78 A[/tex]