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Answer:
These governments were similar in that, as the Republic expanded and acquired new territories far from Rome, governors were appointed to rule, for brief periods of time (usually a few years) in those regions. There were governors for Hispania, Gaul, Illyria, and so on. This system was kept in place by the Roman Empire.
They were different in that, during the Roman Republic, it was the Senate who appointed the executive leaders of the country: the consuls, and these consuls had more limited powers, and only ruled for a few years. During the Empire, this changed, and emperors became absolute rulers for life.
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In the early years of the Roman Republic, elected leaders ruled in three government bodies: the consul, the Senate, and the Assembly. This government had a system of checks and balances in place to keep leaders from abusing power. Later the republic was ruled by three men who formed a triumvirate. In contrast, the Roman Empire had a single emperor: Augustus and later others. These leaders were all-powerful and were not elected to power.
One similiarty of both governments is that they had a Senate. The territory of Rome also expanded through military invasions under both goverments. And both governments struggled to raise enough money through taxes