Answer :

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The correct answer of the given question above is PROTECTORATES. The political system that the European countries set up that caused conflicts in the Middle East, is the protectorates political system. Other choices of this question include, republics, mandates, and constitutional monarchies. 
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Answer: Mandates.

Explanation:

The European governments imposed the mandate system in the Middle East. They created a structure for modern states based on the subordination and forced cohabitation of different social groups. Irak, for example, was formed by the Ottoman provinces of Baghdad, Basra, and Mosul, all nearly self-sustainable before colonization. The forced coexistence of created a conflictive and fragmented state.  

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