Answer :
In the given question, the characteristics that differentiate between Bacteria and Fungi is
- Bacteria are single celled organisms but most of the fungi are not.
What is Bacteria?
Bacteria is a ubiquitous, free living organisms consist of one biological cell. They are largely Prokaryotic Microorganisms.
They are found in soil, water, hot springs, radioactive waste etc. and are vital in nutrient cycle by recycling nutrients such as fixation of nitrogen from atmosphere.
Bacteria also live in symbiotic and parasitic relationship with plants and animals. Most of the bacteria are harmless and some are protected by the action of immune system but several are pathogenic causing infectious diseases.
Effects of Bacteria:
- Cause infectious diseases such as Cholera, Syphilis, Anthrax, Leprosy
- Used in farming and making antibiotic resistance
- Important in Sewage treatment and the breakdown of the oil spills
- Production of dairy product through fermentation
- Recovery of important minerals in mining industries
- Useful in Biotechnology and manufacture of antibiotics.
What is Fungi?
Fungus is a Eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as Yeasts and Molds.
The characteristic feature of this group is presence of Cell Wall made of Chitin.
They acquire their food by absorbing dissolved molecules by secreting digestive enzymes into environment.
They do not photosynthesize and are the principle decomposers.
Effects of Fungi:
- Decomposition of organic matter and crucial role in nutrient cycling and exchange in the environment.
- Use as the direct source of human food as mushrooms and truffles.
- Used in Industries and in detergents.
- Used as Biological Pesticides to control weeds, plant disease and insect pests.
- Help in breaking down manufactured material and building
- Act like pathogens.
What are the differences between Bacteria and Fungi?
The difference between Bacteria and Fungi are as follows:
1. Bacteria can be Producer/Decomposer where as Fungi are mainly Decomposers.
2. Cell Organelles: Major Organelles are absent in Bacteria whereas Fungi has well defined Organelles.
3. pH- Bacteria grows in neutral pH and Fungi grows in acidic pH.
4. Nutrition mode- For bacteria, it is autotrophs and heterotrophs whereas for Fungi it is Heterotrophs.
5. Energy Source- Bacteria act as Protein, Sugar and Fats whereas Fungi used as the same as it exist in environment.
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